How to Be Structural Engineer - Job Description, Skills, and Interview Questions

Apr 18, 2021 / 5 Minutes Read / By Albert

How to Become

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Structural engineers play an essential role in building construction. By designing and developing structural systems, they ensure that buildings are safe and structurally sound. The work of the structural engineer is integral to the success of a construction project, as they are responsible for assessing the environmental conditions, analyzing the structural integrity, and determining the necessary materials and methods to construct the building.

This process is essential for avoiding catastrophic failure and ensuring that the building remains safe for occupancy. As a result, it is essential for structural engineers to be familiar with the latest technologies, building codes, and regulations that govern construction in order to effectively design and execute a safe and functional structure.

Steps How to Become

Earn a Bachelor's Degree. Most employers will require prospective Structural Engineers to have a bachelor's degree in civil engineering, structural engineering, or a related field. Many programs include courses in mathematics, physics, engineering principles, and design.
Obtain an Internship. Many engineering programs offer internships to give students hands-on experience in the field. Internships provide the opportunity to work with experienced professionals and gain practical experience while developing skills and contacts.
Obtain Licensure. To work as a Structural Engineer, licensure is required in most states. Licensure typically involves passing two exams and completing continuing education credits to maintain certification.
Get Certified. The National Council of Structural Engineers Association (NCSEA) offers certification for Structural Engineers. The certification process involves passing an exam and meeting specific experience requirements.
Advance Your Career. Structural Engineers can advance their career by obtaining additional certifications, taking on more complex projects, and gaining additional experience. Some Structural Engineers may also choose to pursue a masters degree in engineering or related field.

In order to stay ahead and qualified as a structural engineer, it is essential to stay up-to-date on the latest technology and industry trends. This can be achieved by attending conferences, seminars, and workshops to gain insight into the most recent developments, as well as by reading professional journals and publications. Additionally, continuing education courses can help to further develop knowledge and skills, while networking with other professionals in the field can provide valuable information and resources. By taking advantage of these opportunities, structural engineers can stay on top of their game and remain competitive in the industry.

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Job Description

Design and analyze structural components and systems, such as foundations, floors, walls, roofs, decks, trusses, and other structural components.
Review project plans and drawings to ensure compliance with building codes and regulations.
Prepare calculations and reports to support project design decisions.
Develop specifications and plans for construction of structures.
Monitor construction progress to ensure that plans are followed and that structures comply with design specifications.
Investigate structural failures or unexpected maintenance problems and recommend solutions.
Provide expertise in the evaluation of existing structures for renovation or retrofit projects.
Consult with other professionals as needed to resolve design or construction issues.
Develop and maintain relationships with clients, architects, engineers, and contractors.
Keep up to date with advances in structural engineering technology and techniques.

Skills and Competencies to Have

Knowledge of engineering principles and practices
Understanding of structural analysis and design
Ability to read and interpret blueprints
Knowledge of building codes and regulations
Ability to use computer-aided design (CAD) software
Ability to work in a team environment
Excellent problem-solving skills
Ability to communicate effectively with clients
Ability to work independently
Familiarity with construction methods and materials

Structural engineering is an essential field of engineering that requires an extensive understanding of mathematics, physics, and engineering principles. The ability to think critically and solve complex problems is essential for a structural engineer. they must be able to identify potential risks and design structures that are safe and resilient.

Good communication skills are also important, as structural engineers often need to collaborate with other professionals in order to create effective solutions. Furthermore, they must be able to create detailed and accurate drawings, review blueprints and identify any potential issues, and stay up-to-date with the latest industry standards. Finally, a structural engineer should be highly creative and able to come up with innovative solutions to complex problems.

By having these important skills, a structural engineer can create structures that are both safe and aesthetically appealing.

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Frequent Interview Questions

What experience do you have in structural engineering?
What aspects of structural engineering do you find most challenging?
Describe a project you have worked on that required significant structural analysis.
How do you stay up to date on the latest structural engineering trends and techniques?
What resources do you use to ensure structural designs are up to code and safe?
Do you have experience with AutoCAD software, or other drafting and design software?
What challenges have you faced when working on a structural engineering project?
How do you manage multiple stakeholders when designing a structure?
What strategies do you use to ensure structural integrity and safety?
Explain the process you go through when designing a structure or system.

Common Tools in Industry

Design Software. A type of software used to create, modify, and evaluate virtual 3D models of structures such as bridges and buildings (eg: AutoCAD).
Finite Element Analysis Software. Software that enables engineers to simulate and analyze the behavior of structures subjected to physical forces (eg: ANSYS).
CAD/CAE Software. Computer-aided design and computer-aided engineering software used to create and analyze complex structural designs (eg: Autodesk Revit).
Structural Analysis Software. Software used to predict how a structure will respond to external loads (eg: SAP2000).
Structural Optimization Software. Software used to optimize structural design by minimizing material usage and maximizing safety (eg: OptiStruct).
Structural Dynamics Software. Software used to analyze dynamic loads and the response of structures subjected to dynamic forces (eg: ADINA).
Structural Design Software. Software used to analyze the load-bearing capacity of a structure and to design a safe, economical, and efficient structure (eg: RAM Structural System).

Professional Organizations to Know

American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE)
The Structural Engineering Institute (SEI)
International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE)
National Council of Structural Engineers Associations (NCSEA)
American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC)
American Concrete Institute (ACI)
American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME)
American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)
International Code Council (ICC)
National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE)

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Common Important Terms

Building Codes. Regulations that define the design, construction, and maintenance standards for buildings.
Loads. Forces that act on a structure, such as gravity, wind, snow, or seismic.
Stress Analysis. A method used to determine the effects of loads on a structure and determine if it will remain safe and stable.
Finite Element Analysis. A computer-based method used to determine the strength of materials and their behavior under various conditions.
Steel Design. The process of designing structures with steel beams, columns, and other components.
Concrete Design. The process of designing structures with concrete columns and structural elements.
Structural Dynamic Analysis. A method used to evaluate the response of a structure to dynamic loads such as earthquakes or wind gusts.
Seismic Design. The process of designing structures to withstand seismic forces.
Foundation Design. The process of designing foundations for buildings and other structures.
Structural Health Monitoring. A method used to evaluate the condition of a structure over time and detect potential problems before they become serious.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is a Structural Engineer?

A Structural Engineer is a professional engineer who specializes in the design and analysis of structures, such as bridges, buildings, and other large structures.

What qualifications are required to become a Structural Engineer?

To become a Structural Engineer, you must have a degree in civil engineering or a related field, plus experience in structural design and analysis. Additionally, many states require Structural Engineers to be licensed.

What type of projects do Structural Engineers typically work on?

Structural Engineers typically work on projects such as buildings, bridges, and other large structures. They may also work on smaller scale projects such as retaining walls and foundations.

What skills are needed to be successful as a Structural Engineer?

Structural Engineers need to have an understanding of engineering principles, mathematics, and design. Additionally, they need to be able to work in a team environment and have strong communication skills.

What can I expect to earn as a Structural Engineer?

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the median annual wage for Structural Engineers was $86,640 in May 2019. Salaries can vary depending on experience and location.

Web Resources

Structural Engineering | Civil and Environmental Engineering www.cee.cornell.edu
How to Become a Structural Engineer - Norwich University online.norwich.edu
Structural Engineering | Cornell Engineering www.engineering.cornell.edu