How to Be HVAC Design Engineer - Job Description, Skills, and Interview Questions

Apr 22, 2020   /   5 Minutes Read   /   By Albert
  • How to Become
  • Job Descriptions
  • Skill & Competencies
  • Interview Questions
  • Common Tools
  • Professional Organizations
  • FAQ
  • Links

    • The role of a HVAC Design Engineer is to design, install, and maintain heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. These systems must meet the needs of the customer while being energy efficient and environmentally friendly. Poorly designed systems can cause major problems such as higher energy bills, structural damage to the building, and uncomfortable temperatures for occupants.

    Properly designed systems can help reduce energy costs by using efficient equipment, minimize air pollution, and ensure the safety and comfort of occupants. HVAC Design Engineers must have a thorough knowledge of building codes, mechanical systems, and energy management technologies in order to produce successful designs. They must also be able to collaborate with other engineering professionals to ensure the project meets all necessary requirements.

    Steps How to Become

    1. Earn a Bachelor’s Degree. The first step to becoming a HVAC design engineer is to earn a bachelor’s degree in engineering from an accredited university. This degree should focus on mechanical engineering, with a concentration in HVAC systems design and construction.
    2. Obtain Licensure. Depending on the state you are working in, you may need to get a professional engineering license or a contractor’s license in order to perform HVAC design engineering. Check the laws in your state to see if this is a requirement.
    3. Gain Experience. During or after your college years, you should gain experience in HVAC system design and construction. This can be done through internships, entry-level positions or working as an assistant to a more experienced engineer.
    4. Become Certified. There are several certifications you can pursue to become a HVAC design engineer, such as the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) certification. This certification is recognized by many employers as a demonstration of knowledge and skill in the area of HVAC design engineering.
    5. Join Professional Organizations. Joining professional organizations related to the field of HVAC design engineering can help you stay up-to-date on the latest industry changes and trends. It can also provide networking opportunities and job leads.

    In order to become a skilled and qualified HVAC Design Engineer, one must possess a combination of education, experience, and expertise. Education in the field usually entails completing an associate's or bachelor's degree program in mechanical engineering technology or a related discipline. Additional training may be required for certification, depending on the state.

    Experience is also important, as an engineer must be able to apply principles and techniques learned in school to the real-world environment. Finally, expertise in HVAC design is essential, as engineers must be able to design efficient systems that meet the needs of the customer while adhering to safety regulations. Having a combination of these three elements will go a long way in becoming a successful HVAC Design Engineer.

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    Job Description

    1. Design HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning) systems and components, including ducts, piping, fans, and controls.
    2. Develop data sheets, drawings, and detailed specifications for HVAC systems and components.
    3. Prepare and review mechanical design calculations, such as heat loss/gain, airflow, pressure drops, duct sizing, and equipment selection.
    4. Coordinate with other engineering disciplines to ensure a complete design package.
    5. Provide technical support to engineers and technicians during installation and troubleshooting of HVAC systems.
    6. Prepare cost estimates for proposed projects and provide design solutions that meet cost objectives.
    7. Develop test procedures for HVAC systems and components.
    8. Develop, implement, and monitor processes for quality assurance of HVAC systems.
    9. Analyze testing results and make necessary modifications to designs.
    10. Prepare reports and presentations on design progress and results.

    Skills and Competencies to Have

    1. Knowledge of HVAC systems, including design, installation, and maintenance
    2. Ability to read and interpret blueprints, schematics, and technical drawings
    3. Familiarity with local, state, and federal building codes and regulations
    4. Proficiency in computer-aided design (CAD) software
    5. Ability to troubleshoot and resolve HVAC system issues
    6. Ability to develop cost estimates and project timelines
    7. Excellent written and verbal communication skills
    8. Knowledge of energy conservation principles
    9. Strong problem-solving and analytical skills
    10. Attention to detail and accuracy
    A HVAC Design Engineer must have a strong understanding of engineering principles, including thermodynamics and fluid dynamics, in order to create effective designs for heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems. They must also be able to use computer aided design (CAD) software to create accurate and efficient designs, and have a basic knowledge of energy conservation and green building principles. Furthermore, they must be able to work as part of a team, communicate effectively with clients, and understand the impact of their designs on the environment. In essence, having an in-depth knowledge of engineering principles, the ability to use CAD software, and strong communication and collaboration skills are essential for a successful HVAC Design Engineer.

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    Frequent Interview Questions

    • What experience do you have in HVAC design engineering?
    • What challenges have you faced in your previous roles as an HVAC design engineer?
    • How familiar are you with HVAC systems and components?
    • Describe a project that you have worked on as an HVAC design engineer.
    • What steps do you take when designing a new HVAC system?
    • How do you stay current with the latest technology and trends in the HVAC industry?
    • How would you handle a situation where the design specifications are not achievable?
    • What techniques do you use to measure the performance of an HVAC system?
    • What strategies do you use to troubleshoot complex HVAC systems?
    • How have you developed relationships with clients, contractors, and vendors in the HVAC industry?

    Common Tools in Industry

    1. EnergyPlus. A computer program that models energy and water use in buildings. (e. g. Optimizing energy use in an office building)
    2. AutoCAD. A computer-aided design (CAD) and drafting software application used for creating 2D and 3D designs. (e. g. Creating 3D models of a building for HVAC system design)
    3. Revit. Building information modeling software used for structural, mechanical, electrical and plumbing design. (e. g. Designing the ductwork layout for an HVAC system)
    4. HAP. A software program used in building energy analysis and design. (e. g. Analyzing the energy efficiency of a building)
    5. Ecotect Analysis. A 3D environmental analysis program used in the building industry. (e. g. Assessing the environmental impact of a building's design)
    6. DuctSizer. A software program used to calculate duct sizes. (e. g. Calculating the size of ducts for an HVAC system)
    7. Psychrometric Calculator. A tool used to calculate the properties of moist air at different conditions of temperature, humidity and pressure. (e. g. Calculating air flow rate and temperature for an HVAC system)

    Professional Organizations to Know

    1. American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE)
    2. Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Institute (ARI)
    3. International Institute of Refrigeration (IIR)
    4. National Environmental Balancing Bureau (NEBB)
    5. Building Performance Institute (BPI)
    6. American Council for an Energy-Efficient Economy (ACEEE)
    7. International Energy Agency (IEA)
    8. U. S. Green Building Council (USGBC)
    9. International Code Council (ICC)
    10. American Institute of Architects (AIA)

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    Common Important Terms

    1. Load Calculations. The process of calculating the heat and cooling needs of a building or structure in order to properly size and design the HVAC system.
    2. Duct Design. The process of designing the layout of ducts within a building in order to distribute heated or cooled air efficiently.
    3. Airflow. The movement of air through the HVAC system and into the building or structure.
    4. Refrigeration. The process of cooling air or transferring heat from one area to another using a refrigerant.
    5. Psychrometrics. The study of the properties of air-water mixtures, such as humidity and temperature, and their effects on indoor comfort levels.
    6. Heat Pumps. A type of HVAC system that uses a refrigerant to transfer heat from one area to another.
    7. Thermostats. Devices used to regulate the temperature of an area by turning heating or cooling systems on and off.
    8. Air Balancing. The process of adjusting the airflow within a building or structure in order to achieve even temperatures throughout the space.
    9. Building Automation Systems. Computer-based systems that are used to control and monitor HVAC systems, as well as other building systems, such as lighting and security systems.

    Frequently Asked Questions

    What type of engineering is HVAC Design Engineering?

    HVAC Design Engineering is a type of mechanical engineering that focuses on the design, installation and maintenance of heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems.

    What qualifications do HVAC Design Engineers need?

    HVAC Design Engineers typically need a degree in mechanical engineering or a related field, as well as relevant certifications, such as a Professional Engineer (PE) license.

    What are some of the tasks performed by HVAC Design Engineers?

    HVAC Design Engineers typically design and oversee the installation of HVAC systems, test and inspect them, troubleshoot malfunctions, consult with clients on system efficiency and develop maintenance plans.

    What types of environments do HVAC Design Engineers work in?

    HVAC Design Engineers typically work in commercial, industrial and residential settings, as well as in research laboratories.

    How much do HVAC Design Engineers earn?

    According to PayScale, the median salary for an HVAC Design Engineer is $63,927 per year.

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